Showing posts with label Kids. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Kids. Show all posts

0X8007274c Error Fix for Windows 10


By Richard Peck

The 0x8007274c error shows in Windows 10 when your system cannot sync to the IMAP account you specified.

The error generally shows with the Windows 10 Mail app, although it can also be caused by Outlook. There is a corresponding error code of 0x80072726 which can also show on some systems.

The error is caused by the connection to the IMAP server being blocked, most typically by your third party firewall. SVCHOST.exe is also sometimes blocked, preventing the sync from taking place.

The messages often show as:

"We're having a problem downloading messages. Try again later. Error code 0x8007274c and 0x80072726"

In order to solve the issue, you need to remove any of the potential blocks to the IMAP email connection.

The way to do this is to first ensure your mail app is set up correctly, then that your connection is not being blocked by your antivirus / firewall application.

If you're able to achieve this correctly, you should then be able to receive emails through your chosen email client (be it Windows Mail or Outlook). The process should be relatively simple:

Solution

1. Temporarily Disable Any Third-Party Firewall

If you have a third-party firewall (AVG / Avast / Kaspersky / Symantec), you'll be best to temporarily pause it. This way, you'll be able to see if it's blocking the connectivity of your mail app to the IMAP server. You can do this by using the following steps:

Right-click on the antivirus / firewall icon in the bottom-right-hand Windows taskbar.

From the menu which appears, look for "pause" or "temporarily disable"

Select for 10 minutes or whatever the corresponding option is

Whilst this will leave your PC temporarily exposed, we can just restart after testing out the mail app once more.

Now you need to go onto your mail app and see whether it will download the email this time, or not. If not, it means you need to specifically allow the svchost.exe file in the core elements of Windows.

2. Allow SVCHost.exe Through The Windows Firewall

SVCHost.exe is used by Windows to help services operate on your system. Whilst this application generally works fine, it will sometimes be blocked because it's trying to access files / services that it should not.

If you are still experiencing the 0x8007274c (or 0x80072726) error, you should try making an "exception" for this application in Windows Firewall:

In the search bar at the bottom left of the screen, type "Windows Firewall"

Click on the app which appears first in the list

From the menu which loads, select "Allow an App or Feature through Windows Firewall"

Add a new app, with the directory URLs:
- C:WindowsSystem32svchost.exe

- C:WindowsSYSWOW64svchost.exe

After it has been added, rename it to "Host Process for Windows Service" and then click "OK"

You should then test the Mail app again after this. If it works then you've solved the issue (for now).

If not, you'll have to perform the same process with Windows Defender...

3. Allow SVCHost.exe Through Windows Defender

Windows Defender is the default antivirus app that comes with Windows 10. If the above steps did not work, you'll have to add svchost.exe to its excluded apps:

From the lower-right hand corner of the taskbar, select the small blue shield and right-click

Select "Open" from the menu that appears

Click "Settings"

Scroll down to "Exclusions"

Add exclusion

Select ""Exclude a exe, com or str process" and exclude the following: C:WindowsSystem32svchost.exe & C:WindowsSYSWOW64svchost.exe

Restart your PC

If you're still seeing the error, even after going through these steps, you'll either have connectivity problems (unlikely), software conflicts (unlikely) or some sort of issue in the depths of Windows (specifically, with a DLL file or similar).

You may benefit from talking directly to a specialized technician - the best way to do this for free is through " Microsoft Answers or   SuperUser" (both of which allow you to ask questions free of charge).

Procrastination Triggers: Anxiety


By Julliet Mburu

Defined as a strong unease about something, anxiety is the leading cause of the prevalent "almost-there" disease.

Surprisingly, most of the time we normally don't know that we are anxious. This negative energy however sneaks up on us through procrastination. Could you be confusing the anxiety with general boredom?

One sure way of pin-pointing anxiety as the trigger is to face the task head-on. You may not be able to start the task with the required enthusiasm but its okay. The main idea is to just be aware that you are (once again) about to run from the task. At this point, pause, and ask yourself the following questions:

What does this (task) involve?

Can I do it?

What am I feeling?

Normally, we usually are able to work through the first two questions without much of a hassle. The last question we tend to avoid. Confronting feelings is one of the hardest tasks any human can undertake, more so when it involves admitting our failures and faults. This is why many people don't know that they are anxious, and that it's actually triggering their procrastination.

The upside of challenging our feelings is that, once addressed, the effects last a lifetime. By challenging that anxiety, you will be able to figure out if a particular environment is triggering the anxiety, or if you are over-estimating the task itself. The key here is to acknowledge that there exists a form of anxiety, and that is the first step towards the solution. You can never fight an adversary you don't acknowledge. Acknowledging anxiety is not the same as resigning to the anxiety. Dodging it only makes it worse, and it gets covered up by many other issues until you can't tell exactly why the task puts you off. To be honest, many of the things we find annoying are as such because they make us anxious and we don't want to admit it.

Once you have acknowledged whatever undercurrent is bubbling inside every time you think of the task, go back to the first two questions. Go through every step involved in the task and one by one, be mindful how each step makes you feel. You will be able to identify the particular steps that trigger any uneasy feeling, and take note. Also, ask yourself what it costs to go through all the steps. This way, you will be able to challenge every part of the task that acts as a trigger, and you will know where to ask for help, or when to take it slow and do more research.

Thoughts On Dark Matter - What the Hell Is Dark Matter?


By Lance Winslow

Dark Matter is matter that we cannot see because it doesn't reflect light, so our sensors cannot reveal it. Dark Energy is energy in the Universe that we know must exist but cannot see and currently don't completely understand. Recently, I was asked this question, and this is the answer I gave, maybe you can explain it better, if so, that just shows your intelligence and understanding of these concepts. Now then, here are my thoughts on this topic;

Well, as I understand it, Dark Matter, is merely the amount the equation E=MC squared is off compared to what we can measure. So, maybe the equation is wrong, or there is something else. Indeed, there is always 'something else' right? For instance if you count the number of cows in a field and then take that number of cows out, then there are zero cows and your equation of the finite set is neutral or zero, however there is still grass, insects, and an occasional critter living in a hole, like a gopher, field mouse, hedgehog, mole, etc. Are they dark matter?

If you don't know what's there, they are, once you know, you have to change the equation or add in that difference. So, the equation is slightly off, or there is 'something else' or 'something elses' there. Whatever is there that we now call dark matter - or dark energy depending on how the equation is finally balanced out, providing it is correct, it won't be dark once we know. We also know that things can change from matter to energy and/or be in a state in between.

If our fundamental understanding is off, our equation is obviously off. Problem is we don't know and many suspect components that are missing. Transition particles for instance, new states of matter we don't know about. If our universe wraps around itself we might be measuring some stuff twice, thus off. We might also be missing to measure that which we cannot yet observe, or have mislabeled and erroneously measured as other than it is.

If photons have a very tiny mass, but there are so many to light up everything, maybe that is the missing issue, if light is bent around and around objects, there is much more of it than we are measuring, how much? If the universe is not expanding, but the light is moving around, it might appear to be expanding when it's not, then the equation won't match either. I have so many questions on all this stuff. From what I am reading and all the sub-theories, it is possible we will get to the answer soon - that is if someone hasn't already figured it out but is not considered to be a learned physics expert so none of their papers are considered worthy, if they have written one at all.

Lance Winslow is an Online Author, his latest Science eBooks are about   Space, Cosmology and Astronomy. Lance Winslow is semi-retired and Founder of the Online Think Tank http://www.WorldThinkTank.net - You may contact Lance Winslow by email for dialogue, discourse, discussion, or debate on interesting topics.

Socialize to Relieve Stress


By Peggy Everson

Socialization is one of the most effective yet oft-forgotten methods of relieving stress. Remember that we're not meant to be solitary individuals. We need not only one or two but layers of connections to be able to feel whole and connected.

These positive connections with the people we love and with those who share the same hobbies, interests and likes as we do, helps greatly in counteracting the stress we are subject to in our lives.

The effects of stress are cumulative and the emotional load can become heavier and heavier until it seems unbearable. Positive interaction with others provides recognition, often at a subconscious level, that we have not been singled out for a life of pain and stress. Realizing that others, in fact almost everyone, has their own challenges and must work to overcome them, can provide balance to our own thinking.

Socializing and sharing with others can provide an antidote to the stress we unwittingly put on ourselves when we indulge in negative patterns of thinking and behavior. These social activities affect us at a hormonal level, which means the effects are not superficial but positively benefit our emotions and our physical states.

Socialization Boosts Oxytocin Hormones

Joining social support groups is an effective way of balancing our hormones. People who regularly engage in social support will most likely find themselves having increased levels of oxytocin in their system. This hormone helps decrease anxiety levels and facilitates the activation of calming responses by stimulating the parasympathetic nervous system.

The hormone oxytocin also stimulates a person to seek out further social contact and improves the sense of attachment to loved ones and other individuals who are important to them. Boosting oxytocin levels will help improve confidence in a person's ability to cope and cause them to become more drawn to other individuals.

This will then perpetuate the beneficial cycle of constantly wanting to engage in social support and other activities that promote socialization. An individual who is experiencing stress and feelings of disassociation from others, needs to make the effort to engage in socialization to receive an oxytocin boost. This can be the start of a positive self-reinforcing loop which will be beneficial for alleviating feelings of anxiety and mitigating the symptoms of chronic stress.

Socialization as a Mood Elevator

Regular encounters with other people have been proven as an effective mood elevator and those who have a robust social life will have many health benefits from it. If in your daily activities you meet someone familiar, you may not notice it right away but your body will experience an instant rush of uplifted emotions.

These positive feelings you experience when meeting a friend or an acquaintance in public places will make you feel more fixed in the society where you belong. Having a short conversation with someone who shares the same hobbies, likes or even outlook can help you forget your negative thoughts, at least for a while. A brief encounter with a friend requires little time and effort but has long-lasting benefits.

Socializing Helps You Direct Your Energy Outward

When you spend more time with other people it is inevitable that you will direct your energy outward as you focus on reaching out to those people around you. In turn, you spend less time focusing your energy inward and ruminating on negative thoughts that add to your stress load.

In addition, taking time to help and reach out to others is investing in your own social support, as you are more likely to rely on these people in the future if you find yourself needing their presence.

When you spend more time socializing you'll realize that life has meaning and purpose. This appreciation is enough to elevate your mood and decrease your stress levels. Some people always set aside time for socializing because they're very aware that being in groups of people is so important to their health and well-being. It may seem a bold declaration but socialization can rival the effectiveness of medications in providing stress relief.

Do keep in mind that your goal of socializing is to help to keep your stress within beneficial levels. Every person is different and not all people will be harmonious to your particular lifestyle, needs or outlook. Be aware of relationships or situations that drain your energy, as not all contacts will result in beneficial relationships. However, those that do will provide balance and happiness to your life and in doing so, greatly help reduce symptoms of stress.

Peggy Everson - Superior Organized Solutions

Certified / Strategic lifestyle/business coach, Professional Organizer, People Problem Solver, Small business owner, Rescue Dog Lover. Got a problem? Let's talk!

Transforming the lives of individuals and entrepreneurs, through coaching and personality profiling! I want my clients to live the life they are meant to live and be happy, healthy and successful. http://superiororganizedsolutions.com/

Why You Should Always Have Olive Oil Bread Dip In Your Pantry


By Morris Raymond

Though popular media tends to portray families living very posh lifestyles, most people tend to have fairly regular lives doing the usual - getting the kids ready for school, heading off to work, etc. Even if we'd like to believe that we want to get a little fancy sometimes, there's a good chance that we've never worried about having olive oil bread dip in our pantry.

Really? Is this a thing? It most definitely is, but is it really something that we should have on-hand? More often than not, we tend to associate the idea of a bread dipping oil as something very lush and upscale. Even if we do tend to entertain people such as family, friends, or co-workers, our usual food fare may be nothing more than chips and dip. Rarely does our hospitality lean toward something gourmet. It really just seems so overtly refined that we don't give it a second thought, but what we're really doing is missing out on some good eating.

Perhaps one of the strongest movements in the culinary world has been the "foodie" revolution. More people have decided that stuffing our faces is not the same as actually enjoying our food. This means tasting new ingredients & having new food experiences. Even the setting of a meal becomes a part of the entire food experience. Cue bread dipping oil. A well-made, high-quality bread dipped in a quality dipping oil is as simple as food gets, but you'd never expect the flavor bomb with which you're working. Now, imagine your guests having their own minds blown as well. Your entertaining would be next-level awesome!

Here are a few reasons why you should readily have olive oil bread dip in your home:

Offering a Bite to Last-Minute Guests - We love having people over, but if you may not always have something to offer. Some good bread & dip is quick, easy, and always satisfies.

A Simple, Perfect Appetizer - If you're going full gourmet for a meal, let your appetizer wow your guests & get them set for a tremendous feast.

Provides a Clean Slate for Flavor Experimentation - Your imagination is the only limit to how to craft your olive oil bread dip. Find the combinations that work for you & plumb the internet for some killer recipes.

A Perfect Addition to An Italian Meal - When you've got an Italian menu for someone special or a group of friends, bring the magic with the great bread dip.

Makes You A More Careful Shopper - You'll want good quality olive oil, so ditch the lesser quality stuff and opt for a local producer. Smaller domestic orchards are becoming huge in the olive oil world, so shopping local will garner fresher olive oil & support local business.

Bread dipping oil can be as simple or complex as you'd like to make it. Be it for serving guests, making a good meal even better, or getting your inner chef on, you owe it to yourself to give it a try.

Visit    Texas Hill Country Olive Company in Dripping Springs, Texas for olive oil bread dip and other fabulous items to always keep in your pantry.

Slow Cookware Best Tips: Cook Healthier Bone Broth In Less Than 3 Hours In A Natural Pot


By Sharon Ray

Still cooking bone broth for 12-18 hours in a slow cooker? This type of cooking is long and destructive to the nutrients in the food. There is another way of cooking bone broth but in less than 3 hours! No nutritional compromise, no toxins from the pot leaching in, and the broth is more delicious according to cooks who do it this way!

Traditional slow cooking is great, but it takes many hours and destroys the food's nutrients in two ways:

Traditional slow cookers are made from metal or ceramic pots. All metals are reactive, no matter which one you choose - cast iron, stainless steel, copper, aluminum, titanium etc. The ceramic material which is a composition of metal ores, oxides and chemicals are no different. These elements react with nutrients present in food. This makes the food toxic. These toxins are like slow poison in the body. The metal toxins keep accumulating in organs, tissues, and blood and cause damage to body functions and immunity. As a result, we start getting sick and the sickness may range from minor illness, infections to serious diseases like cancer.

The practice of slow cooking evolved as a result of trying to keep the nutrients intact. People said, if the pot's heat is destroying the food, let's try to cook the same food on low heat for long hours and hopefully preserve the nutrients, but tests show otherwise.

Scientific Testing Shows Food's nutrients are DEAD with long hours of slow cooking

Scientific research done on amino acid lysine in peanuts showed that long hours of cooking even at 220�F destroyed this nutrient:

Twenty percent of it had been found to get cooked out after an hour and a half exposure to 150�F heat. After two and one-half hours, 40% was lost. According to World's Healthiest Foods, the majority of vitamins have less heat stability than this amino acid. So, a greater amount of loss of most vitamins and minerals can be expected when cooked at 200�F over six to eight hours.

So which material is healthier and why?

For healthy cooking, you need a cookware made from 100% non-toxic, healthy material that preserves nutrients. Primary clay or pure clay is one of the best non-toxic materials that's been used for thousands of years. It is naturally inert and free from contaminants. But more importantly, you can cook bone broth in less than 3 hours if beef bone and 1.5 hours if chicken, and right on the stove-top!

More importantly, the heat from the walls of these pots is gentle and non-destructive - the same kind of life-giving heat the earth radiates (pure-clay is a pure and uncontaminated "earth")

Here's how to cook bone broth in less than 3 hours on the stove-top:

Following any recipe, add all the ingredients, set the pot on your stove and start on medium.

Once the food is cooking and boiling for about 40 minutes, reduce heat to low - and let it cook at that temperature till fully done.

You can know when the broth is done when the bones are thoroughly cooked and will be of a softer chew-able consistency (if chicken bones). The soup will be savory and any meat will be falling off the bones. The beef bone may not be chew-able like chicken but they would look a shade or two darker than how they started, and the broth savory. When it starts cooling down, the broth will be thick and gelatinous.

By cooking at medium heat, you get the food cooking sooner, saving time but without damaging nutrients because the heat from the walls of pure-clay is safe and gentle, unlike from metal and ceramic pots.

More features that make it ideal for slow cooking:

Pure clay pots are great retainers of heat - keeps food warm for hours after the stove is turned off.

The conventional slow cookers take 12-18 hours for beef and 12-14 hours for chicken. They take less than 3 hours in a pure clay pot.

Pure clay pots are semi-porous, oxygen can pass through them. Your food is cooked with sufficient oxygen and just the right amount of heat. In the words of some experienced    pure clay cooks: "it turns out to be soft, juicy and delicious!"

For any health-conscious cook, these are enough reasons to head over to Miriam's Earthen Cookware http://www.miriamsearthencookware.com - the only pure-clay makers in the USA and get a pot of your liking. Start cooking healthy today - they ship directly to your home.

What Is Passive Income And Wealth Building?


By Rizwanaa Shaikh

Have you ever thought of keeping on 'earning money while doing nothing'? Isn't it a great idea? O yes, it is. All of us want to earn and keep on earning money in abundance without doing a job or work. Some people may feel this thing like a dream, not reality. But, it is quite possible. However, it needs a lot of intelligence, smart work, the right usage of time and energy, experience and knowledge, and a long journey, no doubt.

Today I'm going to talk about passive income and wealth building. There are two types of income: active, and passive. Active income needs you to keep on working constantly like a regular 9-5 job. If you are jobless or fired from the job, unluckily, you will stop getting paychecks. No work; no paycheck. It is that simple. On the other hand, passive income doesn't need you to go to office daily and work for 6-8 hours.

So, how is it possible to have money in abundance and coming continuously while staying at home and having fun? For this type of income, you need to build assets and wealth, like:

Purchase a property, plaza/shop/mall etc. and rent it out. You will get a handsome amount of rent money every month.

Set up a gym, beauty salon, wellness club etc. and hire a team of professionals to run it. Your team will work and earn for you.

If you have writing talent and can write good books, you can earn money with this talent. Once you write a book, you will keep on earning the royalty as long as the book is on sale. Amazon online book store gives you an opportunity to publish your book there free of cost.

These are a few ideas for earning passive income. But the ideas of purchasing a property and setting up a gym/beauty salon/wellness club needs a great investment. And the idea of book writing requires a great writing talent. Investment and writing capability is not possessed by all of us. Therefore, all the three ideas are not possible for everyone. So, how can you earn passive income and build wealth?

One of the easiest and the most feasible ways of building wealth and assets, and creating a source of passive income is to join a Direct Sales and Network Marketing company.

First of all, let me give you the idea what Direct Sales and Network Marketing companies are:

A direct sales company sells its products through individual distributors. It has authorized shop/dealers to run the business. Its products are not available on retail stores and common shops. You won't see any type of advertisement of the company and products on media. If you want to have their product(s), you need to join them as distributor or purchase through any authorized distributor. That's why, it is called direct sales company.

You join such a company through a distributor who performs as a 'sponsor' for you. He/she introduces you to the system and products, and you join as his/her 'downline' or 'network'. An authorized distributor can spread his/her network to thousands of people by sponsoring them. When you join a company under one's sponsorship, you too become an authorized distributor. Then you also invite new people for purchasing company's products and join it also. The bigger the network grows; the more you and the company earn. If you have an initial network of three people, they will make their network of three persons each. That way, you all will grow. Each of the individual distributor will get his/her own profit as well as a fixed chunk of the sales done by the 'downline'. That's why, it is called a network marketing company. Generally, all the companies in this category work on both the models: direct sales and network marketing.

If you want to join such a company, first of all, do research about the Network Marketing companies in your state/country. Have answers of these questions first of all.

Which field you like the most and the feasible one for you? Like there are the fields of health, food, fashion accessories and cosmetics, electronics etc.

How much time can you spare for it like a few hours daily or weekends only?

What skills and right strategy do you need to achieve success in the respective field?

What talent and characteristics you already possess and can polish to help you in the work, for example, do you have presentation and communication skills?

What products you are excited about; you need and want to use yourself?

Are the products beneficial and interesting enough to persuade common people to use them?

How much time you need to start earning, a few months or more than a year for example?

What is the company's compensation plan? How much can you earn on monthly basis?

Don't forget to check out the rules and regulations of the company you want to join. This is very much necessary for avoiding any misconduct and breach of rules.

21st century is called the century of Direct Sales and Network Marketing business. The beauty of this business is that it doesn't need a business administration degree, huge investment, and hiring an office building etc. It just needs determination, a burning desire for freedom of money and time, willingness to learn new things, and a strong will power to do anything to achieve success. Direct Sales and Network Marketing companies give you training which won't be free of cost. This training is going to let you know how to work as a distributor and develop a network.

Around the world, there are hundreds of Direct Sales and Network Marketing companies. Some are working on country level and some on international level also, allowing any person of any creed, color, religion, and nationality to join. This is declared a superb source of passive income and wealth building. A few of the initial years are tough but after that, you have to do nothing. Money will automatically come to you.

If you want to have a great source of passive income, join a Direct Sales and Network Marketing company in your area.

Rizwanaa Shaikh is directly involved in network marketing business. She closely follows network marketing trends and can be contacted for any relevant assistance on Twitter: @Rashwriter.

Online Mobile Panels: Market Research in the Mobile World


By Courtney Ray

The times they are a-changin'. Little known fact: Bob Dylan was singing about market research. Market research is changing, and smart businesses are seizing the opportunity to use smartphones to gather data in a timely, efficient way. There are two options when conducting market research in the mobile world: in-app surveys and mobile-optimized surveys that are housed on a webpage and accessed from a smartphone. According to eMarketer, the average adult spends 131 minutes a day accessing content through a mobile app, yet only 26 minutes using their phone to connect to the internet. Keep reading for more reasons why mobile panels online are the future of market research.

Panel research, a method of collecting data repeatedly from a pre-recruited set of people, is extremely important in the market research world. These individuals generally provide demographic, household and behavioral data, which can make conducting future studies easier. Technology, primarily the internet, has transformed panel research methodology by the ease of which we can access larger numbers of respondents. Panel research provides many advantages for companies including: faster turnaround, higher participation rates, and cost savings. The quantitative data can provide companies with insights into pricing, effectiveness and sales projection of their products or brand.

QUALITY: The quality of your data matters. According to a report by comScore, the average American adult spends 2 hours, 51 minutes on their smartphone every day. By using mobile panels online, you are able to get reliable data, as it's in real time, while the information is fresh in the respondent's mind. They can also use their mobile devices to take pictures and videos that allow you to gather the exact information you're looking for.

RESPONSE RATE: As we've discussed, everyone is glued to their mobile phones. Mobile panels online have less than a 25% dropout rate because you're able to access respondents whenever, wherever, so it is easy for them to take the survey. With mobile, you can send push notifications to your panel that there is a survey available for them, then follow-up reminder emails. Studies have found that survey notifications increase response rates by 4-29 percentage points, and reminder emails have been shown to increase response rates by 3-8 points.

TRACKER SURVEYS: Tracker surveys are a great way to gain insight into purchase behavior, brand sentiment, product awareness and customer satisfaction. Tracker studies require ongoing interactions with respondents and getting their feedback over a period of time. In older survey research where landline surveys or focus groups were used, it was difficult to get accurate data, because it was dependent on the respondent's memory. With online mobile panels, you are able to get real-time responses and ongoing feedback.

QuestionPro provides our customers with an advantage when conducting market research in the mobile world with our mobile app, MyPinion. MyPinion is the fastest market research tool that allows mobile users to provide critical insights to leading brands by participating in short surveys. With our mobile panel of more than 250,000 active smartphone users around the United States, you are able to get thousands of responses within minutes with the highest respondent engagement. Our respondents are pre-screened and highly qualified to participate in a variety of research studies of any level of specificity.

Visit our website for more insight into the market research world!   https://www.questionpro.com/blog/questionpro_products/audience/

5 Easy Steps To Getting Speaking Gigs Like An Expert


By Rosalind Miller-Choice

Determine your target audience

Start with knowing your niche audience. This is a vital factor because you can establish your relevance and better make your presence felt in the lives of those who really have passion about the information that you hold and can share.

You will need to know who specifically will relate to your message.

Research organizations that have members of your target audience

One you have determined which people will resonate with what you have to share, research what organizations, associations and groups they would belong to. Create a directory of organizations along with the contact information of the person responsible for booking speakers for conferences, workshops etc.

Prepare a "1 minute presentation highlighting who you are and how your speech can help people

If you're trying to land speaking engagements with little to no prior experience, then create a presentation examining who you are and the way and manner your speech can assist your niche audience. Put together a compilation reel with highlights if you have some previous engagements under your belt.

If you are an Author and have a book that has been published or is soon to be released, be sure to include this information.

Contact those organizations and ask if you can give a speech to their members at one of their upcoming events

Make contact with organizer's coordinator. Explain who you are and that you are a speaker. They will want to know the subject of your speaking so be prepared with a few highlights of your speech. Be sure to emphasis the value you would bring to their membership.

Ask if you may send them some marketing material. You want to have a summary of your "talk" and your bio ready to send to them.

Follow up with those contacts via email and send them marketing materials to remind them of the value your speech will bring to their membership

You can make this a simple email where you write "I wanted to checking-in again regarding potential guest speaking opportunities," and then include the text from your previous email.

You may feel like a nag emailing someone two or three times, but it is important to remember that everyone is busy. However, some of the most successful live workshops or speaking engagements were with people multiple emails were sent to. Marketing materials must be sent to the targeted audience to emphasize the benefit each member will receive from your speech.

In conclusion, Gaining traction as a professional speaker takes time and hustle. You need to do much more than to hang out a shingle claiming that you are a Speaker. To be booked to speak consistently requires you to get out there and market yourself.

Roz Miller-Choice is known as "The Expert Maker" she helps her clients package their expert knowledge and create marketable products and services. She is the author of the soon-to-be-released book called "The Expert Maker: Turning Your Knowledge into Multiple Streams of Income."

The Mad Hatter


By Ricky Taylor

My first experience with Doctor Teitelbaum was at the Hub in the Correctional Treatment Center of the Richard J. Donovan Correctional Facility in San Diego, California. I stood in front of the wrap-around desk that contained the daily sign-in sheets for the MTAs, chatting with the officer on duty, when I heard a voice behind me. The voice was a warbled mix of falsetto and feminine baritone.

"I wish to be escorted to the Facility One Clinic. I was told to meet MTA Taylor here."

I turned to get a view of the speaker. She was a heavyset woman in her early fifties with a shocking amount of frizzy, dyed red hair, sticking crazily out from under a wide-brimmed, magenta hat. She was wearing what might have been a workout suit of a shiny material in two different shades of purple. Her shoes were yellow sneakers and she carried a large, red leather bag. Small, beady eyes peered back and forth between the officer on duty and me, through large glasses on her pale, moon-shaped face. Taken aback by the sharp disparity of her appearance among the uniformed officers and scrub-wearing medical staff, I would not have been entirely surprised if she had told me she was there to don a bright red nose and make balloon animals for the inmates. I was the MTA assigned to Facility one clinic. An MTA, or Medical Technical Assistant, was a position unique to the California Department of Corrections. It was both a medical position and a peace officer position. MTAs responded to all medical emergencies and ran the day to day of the clinics on the yard. The department would soon do away with the position, and we would be given the choice of being either nurses or correctional officers. I would later choose to become a correctional officer.

"I'm MTA Taylor," I said, "I don't believe we've met before. Can I ask what your business is at the clinic?"

She made a dramatic flourish with her left hand and raised her odd warble of a voice, affecting the style of a Shakespearian actor.

"I am Doctor Teitelbaum," she announced not only to me, but to every person in the nearby area, "I am the new Psychiatrist."

Five minutes later, I was escorting Dr. Teitelbaum across the plaza to the Facility One Clinic. We reached the Facility One gate, and the gate officer checked our identification.

"Are you new to the prison system, Dr. Teitelbaum?" I asked. I knew entering a prison yard for the first time could be an overwhelming and frightening experience.

"I am new to the prison system, Mr. Taylor, but not new to those imprisoned by mental illness." Her eyes took on a fevered, dreamy, faraway look. "I am here to help men escape their prison."

The gate officer, a black man in his late forties, looked at her, then looked questioningly at me. Talk of helping inmates escape was not something taken lightly. I assured the officer that Dr. Teitelbaum was using a euphemism.

"It's Just talk," I said. "Dr. Teitelbaum doesn't mean escape from the actual prison, but the prison of mental illness."

Dr. Teitelbaum looked wordlessly up at the officer through her large glasses. The gate officer frowned but opened the gate. He looked Dr. Teitelbaum up and down, taking in the full oddity of her attire. He grimaced and rolled his eyes.

"It's on you, Taylor," he said. "It's all on you."

We stepped onto Facility One Yard. The prison yard was a large, oval strip of land surrounded by a track a third of a mile long. Inmates wearing blue CDC uniforms walked around the track, returning to their housing units from morning chow. They walked counter clockwise in the same direction, with occasional reminders over the loudspeaker to "Keep moving on the track." Prison is nothing if not redundant. Inmates see the same colors every day; blue and gray inmate uniforms, green and khaki officer uniforms, gray prison walls. You can imagine, then, the reaction among the inmates when they saw Dr. Teitelbaum entering the yard in her purple ensemble, magenta hat, red hair, yellow sneakers and a large red bag. Inmates stopped on the track, pointing. Inmates standing in the pill line in front of the clinic stared. Some appeared hopeful, no doubt thinking, as I had earlier, that she might be some form of entertainment. Others laughed, and I heard a few jeers.

Inmates were lining up in front of the clinic for pill line. They were allowed medicine in their cells, but psychiatric medicine had to be administered at the clinic. Much of what occurs inside a prison is in reaction to lawsuits filed by inmates. The California Department of Corrections had settled or lost several lawsuits filed by inmates who suffered due to poor medical standards and nonexistent or inadequate psychiatric treatment. The courts ordered the department to remedy the problem, and the department struggled to hire physicians, psychiatrists and other medical personnel. Because of this, hiring was the priority. Anyone with a medical license could obtain a contract position working in the prison. The standards were quite low. Over the years, I have worked with fine psychiatrists and physicians. I have known and respected dedicated psychologists. I have also known the ones who, in the departments rush to fill positions, fell through the cracks of the screening process. To meet the requirements ordered by the courts, Inmates were screened for mental health related issues. This was appropriate and necessary, but it also had a tremendous impact on prisons. Suddenly, inmates were being diagnosed with bipolar, schizophrenia, psychosis and antisocial behaviors. They were placed on psychiatric medications, which required follow-up appointments with the psychiatrists. Soon, thousands of inmates were on medication, and more psychiatrists were required to meet the need for follow-up appointments. The increased numbers of psychiatrists resulted in even more inmates being placed on medication, which required even more psychiatrists and psychologists. The day Dr. Teitelbaum first walked into Facility One Clinic, the cost of psychiatric medication at Richard J. Donovan Correctional Facility had exploded to well over one and a half million dollars per month. This did not include regular, physician-prescribed medication.

Psychiatric medication can be divided into three categories: Anti-seizure medication, uppers and downers. If you pull back the curtain of psychiatric and psychological jargon, you soon realize that psychiatric medications are drugs, plain and simple. I remember a conversation with one of the contract psychiatrists. He was a in his late forties, an agreeable man without the typical airs psychiatrists are known to have. We were having lunch in the MTA office in the clinic. The inmates were locked up in their cells for count, and we were alone.

"Do you know what I do for a living, Taylor?" He asked.

I smiled at him across the desk over my lunch.

"As far as I can tell," I said, "you're a psychiatrist."

"Well, of course I'm a psychiatrist," he said," but I'm not talking about my title or license. I'm talking about what I actually do."

"Well, Doc," I said, swallowing a bite of a tuna sandwich, "I may be crazy, and you're better suited than I am to make that determination, but it seems to me you talk to inmates about their issues, then come up with a diagnosis and a treatment plan. Does that about cover it?"

"Well, that's certainly how we phrase it, but that's not the heart of it," he said. "What I really am is a licensed drug dealer."

"Do I need to get my handcuffs out?" I said. "Is this a confession?"

He grinned.

"I did say licensed, Taylor. But licensed or not, that's what I am. Have you ever really thought about what psychiatric medication is? Drugs, Taylor. That's what they are. They're uppers and downers, and I prescribe them to drug addicts in a correctional facility. If I wasn't licensed to do it, I would be sitting in a cell instead of sitting here having lunch with you."

"Now, Doc," I said. "I think you might be selling yourself short. I'm sure you're doing a lot of good. There's a big difference between what you do and what drug dealers do."

"A difference in motivation, I agree. But not in what I do. When I first started, I opened an office in the city, and advertised for clients. I wanted to help people, I really did. But you know what kind of clients I got?" I shook my head and motioned for him to continue. "People started coming into my office with memorized symptoms. I knew they were just telling me symptoms, so I would prescribe them specific medications. It was obvious. But I had a lease and bills to pay. You know what I did, Taylor? I prescribed the medications they wanted. After that, word spread, and clients kept making appointments. Over half were drug addicts wanting legal drugs." He pointed to the nearby medication cart. "That's what they are. Drugs, man, drugs."

I had experienced the effects of the medication myself about a year before, when someone handed me a bottle of liquid risperidone, a medication prescribed to treat schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. Some of the liquid had spilled and was on the side of the bottle. I touched the liquid with my bare hand. The medicine seeped through my skin and entered my bloodstream. For a good hour, I was euphoric, laughing and extremely talkative. Though the medication never touched my lips, part of my upper lip went numb. Even today, whenever I recall the incident, that part of my lip turns numb. Like the good doctor said, "Drugs, man, drugs."

The pill line was very long, reaching from the pill line window to the track about fifty yards away. Close to a thousand inmates were incarcerated on Facility One Yard, and half of them were on psychiatric medication. An MTA stood inside the medication room window, handing inmates their medication through a rectangular slot. The MTA, a balding pale-skinned man by the name of Ford, looked at Doctor Teitelbaum as she passed by. He smiled at me and shook his head. Several inmates looked at the new psychiatrist, then looked questioningly at me. I ignored the questioning looks and made my way to the clinic. I opened the clinic door and led Dr. Teitelbaum to an office in the back.

"This is your office, Dr. Teitelbaum," I said, opening the door and switching on the lights, illuminating a small office with two chairs facing each other across a wooden desk. Dr. Teitelbaum entered the office and sat heavily in the desk chair, plopping her large red bag down on the desktop. "I will bring a schedule of inmates and inmate medical charts in a little bit."

"Patients, Mr. Taylor," Dr. Teitelbaum said. "They are not just inmates. They are my patients, and I cannot wait to see them." She looked up at me through her large glasses, the faraway gleam returning to her eyes. "I assure you they have never seen the likes of me."

"Yes, Doctor. I believe that may be the case," I said. Despite her decidedly odd appearance, I fully intended to give the new psychiatrist the benefit of any doubt. Part of my philosophy was, and still is, not to judge a book by its cover. "Would you like the door closed or open?"

"Please close it," Dr. Teitelbaum said. "It is time for my calming ritual."

I nodded and exited the office, closing the door behind me. I had a busy day in front of me and had to prepare for it. Leaving Dr. Teitelbaum alone in her office, I grabbed a cup of coffee from the already brewed pot in the treatment room, sat down at the desk, and began organizing the inmate medical charts, dividing them between medical and psychiatric patients, making sure each chart had fresh doctor's notes to write new prescriptions on. I was absorbed in the ritual, when I heard Dr. Teitelbaum singing opera in what I thought might be Italian, as loud as she possibly could. I stepped out of the treatment room. MTA Ford was coming out of the medication room.

"What the heck is going on, Taylor?" He asked. I stood outside Dr. Teitelbaum's office door. The opera continued in her warbled voice. Inmates peered through the clinic windows, wondering why the pill line had stopped, hearing the Italian opera coming from inside the clinic. I shook my head and knocked softly on the office door. The Italian opera continued inside. I knocked louder.

"Dr. Teitelbaum?" I called. The opera persisted. I shrugged at MTA Ford and opened the door. Dr. Teitelbaum was sitting behind her desk. Her eyes were closed, her hands lifted above her head, moving dramatically back and forth, conducting an orchestra which only she could hear. Seeming unaware of my presence, she continued her performance, her voice straining to reach soprano levels, then falling to baritone lows, all at the top of her lungs. All I could do was wait for her to stop. For several minutes, the opera continued. Then, with one final crescendo of screeching soprano and faltering baritone, the performance came to an abrupt end. Slowly, she lowered her hands and opened her eyes, blinking in the light of the office. She stared up at me through her large glasses, acknowledging me for the first time since I entered.

"Is there something I can help you with, Mr. Taylor?" She asked.

"Well... " I said, "Uhm... What I mean is... "

"My singing, Mr. Taylor. Is that why you are here?"

"Well, yes, Doctor," I said. "It was a little surprising."

"I find opera to be calming, Mr. Taylor. It is part of my morning ritual. It lowers my stress level and prepares me for the rest of the day. Now, if you will excuse me, my routine is not yet complete."

"Will you be singing again?" I asked.

"No, Mr. Taylor," she said, "I will be meditating. Close the door, please. Let me know when the first patient arrives."

I left Dr. Teitelbaum alone in her office. MTA Ford had overheard the conversation.

"She's crazy, man," he said.

"What can we do about it?" I said.

"We need to tell somebody. I mean, she's a real mad hatter."

"I'm not in for telling," I said, a phrase used by both inmates and officers. It meant you were not a snitch. Snitches were equally hated by inmates and officers.

"This is different, Taylor. Somebody has to know."

"Let's just see how it plays out," I said. "What's it going to hurt?"

Ford agreed reluctantly and returned to the pill line. I continued to get ready for the medical and psychiatric appointments. Dr. Wong, the physician, a diminutive Asian man with thinning hair, wearing a doctor's smock over slacks and a dress shirt, arrived. He knocked on the clinic door and I opened it. He entered the clinic.

"Good morning, MTA Taylor," he said.

"Good morning, Doctor," I said.

"Is it a good morning?" He said. I opened the door to his office, letting him in. He asked me the same questions every morning.

"A fine morning, Doc." I said.

"A fine American morning?"

"Yes, Doctor," I said, "It's a fine American morning. There's coffee in the back. Want a cup?"

The doctor smiled, nodding.

"Is it American coffee?"

"It was purchased in America," I said.

"Then yes," he said. "I want an American cup of coffee."

This routine had played out five days a week for nearly a year. Doctor Wong, a transplant from Asia, who had lived much of his childhood struggling to feed himself, who somehow not only made it to the United States, but became a medical doctor, loved America with a fervency bordering on insanity. It wasn't a fine day unless it was an "American" day. He had a headache once, and I brought him a Motrin. He asked if it was "American" Motrin, taking it only after I assured him that it was.

"Good, Doc," I said. "I will bring it to you."

I returned to the treatment room to get the doctor a cup of coffee. I heard low humming coming from underneath Dr. Teitelbaum's office door. I ignored it. She said she would be meditating, which was fine with me if she did it quietly. I made Dr. Wong a cup of coffee and brought it to him, placing a schedule of inmate patients on his desk. He took the cup of coffee from me and sipped it.

"Thank you, MTA Taylor," he said. "That is a good American cup of coffee."

"You're welcome, Doc," I said.

The pill line ended about half an hour later. Inmates began arriving for their medical and psychiatric appointments. I let them in, individually checking their identification and medical ducats to the schedule, patting them down for weapons and contraband. I checked their blood pressures and told them to stand on a scale to check their weight. Afterwards, they waited together on a long, wooden bench in the clinic area. I opened Dr. Wong's desk and placed the first inmate's medical file on his desk. I opened Dr. Teitelbaum's office door to hand her the file of her first patient. She was still humming lowly to herself, her eyes closed.

"Your patients are arriving," I said, placing the file on her desk.

"Five minutes more, Mr. Taylor. I am not quite done with my calming ritual."

"Fine," I said, "let me know when you're ready."

She closed her eyes again and began humming to herself. I left her there, closing the door behind me. Ten minutes later, her office door opened. She was holding the file I had given her. She looked at the inmates who were waiting on the bench.

"Mr. Williams?" She called. A black inmate in his mid-thirties stood up. He looked at the psychiatrist, then looked at me. He raised an eyebrow.

"For real, Taylor?" He said.

"This way, Mr. Williams," Dr. Teitelbaum said.

The inmate shrugged and entered the office. Dr. Teitelbaum closed the door. I opened it again.

"Doctor" I said, "the door has to be open at least enough for me to hear what's going on. For your protection."

"That is unacceptable," Dr. Teitelbaum said. "There is a such thing as patient confidentiality."

"This is a prison," I said. I motioned toward Inmate Williams. "He is an inmate, and I can't leave you alone with him."

Her face turned a bright shade of pink, but she took her seat behind the desk.

"Very well, then," she said. She took a deep breath and let it out slowly. "Let us continue."

I exited the office, leaving the door open about a quarter of the way. More inmates were arriving for the medical and psychiatric lines, and some already seen by Dr. Wong were wanting to leave. I patted down a couple inmates to make sure they left with only what they had arrived with, and let a couple more inmates in. I entered the treatment room where MTA Ford was busy transcribing new orders from the medical charts.

"How's the Mad Hatter doing?" He asked.

"Just seeing the first inmate now. I guess we have to wait and see," I said.

It did not take long to learn how Dr. Teitelbaum was faring with the inmate. I heard Inmate Williams cussing loudly and Dr. Teitelbaum shouting in her unmistakable voice. The inmate shouted back. Dr. Teitelbaum released a hysterical scream. MTA Ford and I ran from the room, ordering the inmates in the clinic to get down. They lowered their selves to the floor. I pulled a canister of pepper spray from my duty belt and entered the office, shouting for Inmate Williams to get down. He complied, immediately leaving his chair and sitting on the office floor. Dr. Teitelbaum was standing behind her desk. Her face was red and glistening with perspiration. Her magenta hat was in her hand, and her red hair was in disarray.

"Are you alright, Doctor?" I asked.

Dr. Teitelbaum stared up at me. Her lips trembled. Her round face quivered with indignation.

"What is the meaning of this, Mr. Taylor?" She shouted. "I will not be interrupted during a therapy session!"

"You were screaming at each other," I said.

"This is therapy, Mr. Taylor," she said. Her entire body was shaking. "Do you not understand? This is therapy!"

Inmate Williams held up his hands.

"I didn't do anything to her, Taylor. I swear it, man. She's a crazy lady."

Dr. Teitelbaum twisted her hat, staring angrily down at the inmate.

"I am not a crazy lady," she shouted. "I am the psychiatrist!"

Leaving his office, Dr. Wong walked up behind me. He looked at Dr. Teitelbaum. He saw the inmate on the office floor and examined the psychiatrist, who stood, shaking visibly, clutching the magenta hat in both hands. Dr. Wong shook his head.

"This," he announced gravely, "is simply unamerican." He turned from us, entered his office and closed the door behind him.

Dr. Teitelbaum lasted a month or so longer, the need of the department to fill medical positions outweighing the need for competent providers. She never got any better, though her shouting "therapy" was ended by order of the chief psychiatrist. I was in the clinic on her last day. She was wearing her now infamous magenta hat and was attired in yellow and orange, rather than purple. We made it to the end of the shift without major incident, and I was sitting in the MTAs office. She stuck her head into my office.

"Mr. Taylor," she said, "as you probably already know, today is my last day. The establishment was just not ready for my special brand of treatment."

"I'm sorry to hear that, Doctor Teitelbaum," I said, not meaning it in the least.

"Yes, well," she said, "I am going into business for myself." She handed me a purple business card. The card read, DR. Teitelbaum, Psychiatrist extraordinaire, and included her phone number. "If you are ever in need of psychiatric care, call me." She looked at me through her glasses, that dreamy, faraway look in her beady eyes. "I am not cheap," she said, "but I am the best... "

Apartments - Top 9 Wealth Creating Reasons to Invest


By Dennis Genaw

The main reason people invest is to provide for themselves and their family in the future when it is time to retire from a long and distinguished career. When the future arrives, hopefully we have enough capital accrued that we are secure financially for as long as we need. However, life can get in the way. We don't invest enough, or we get too busy to make investing a priority and put it on autopilot in a CD, money market fund, or an IRA vehicle. Then when we get close to that retirement date, we begin to wonder if we are going to outlive our money. We realize that medical care continues to get more expensive every year. We may even see that the stock market did not deliver the expected returns projected many years ago.

The richest people in the US invest in Real Estate. Many of them made their fortunes in Real Estate. With that thought in mind, let us review the Top 9 reasons how investing in Apartments (Multi-Family property) can assist you in achieving the Lifestyle you desire, help you create generational wealth and provide for your favorite charity.

#1 Cash Flow - Cash Checks!

Multifamily properties generate enough income, every month, to cover the cost of operations (e.g.management, utilities and maintenance), capital improvements (e.g. replacing equipment), and financing (mortgage). The rest goes into the investors' pockets.

#2 Turbo-Charged Appreciation

Multifamily values are based on the net income they produce. Increasing the profit the property nets each year significantly increases the value of the property. This is the best vehicle in multifamily to achieve significant growth in your investment. Even with mostly stabilized properties, optimizing management can yield big returns while enjoying cash flow from day one. Let us look at an example 200 unit property. In a 200 unit complex with an 8% Cap Rate, the management successfully raises monthly rents by $25 per unit. The value of the property will go up by $750K. How does this happen?

200 units x $25 x 12 months/8% Cap Rate

What we get is $60,000 in increased rents (cash) per year, but when divided by the approximate value (Cap Rate) of 8%, the property value increases by $750,000. The same applies when expenses are also reduced through effective management. WOW! You can't do that in single-family homes.

The more distressed a property, the deeper the discount on the value at purchase, but also the greater the risk and possible significant return.

#3 Higher Returns

The combination of Cash Flow and Appreciation can provide returns ranging from 2x to 10x of the yields of today's savings instruments. With the average Money Market, CD and Savings Accounts earning less than 2% annually, it is easy to see the value of investing in Apartments. While the exact return will depend on the property, double-digit annualized returns are common.

#4 Diversification and Stability

Apartments provide the Investor a more stable means to achieve their investment goals when compared to the stock market and other kinds of real estate. Apartment values are derived from the Net Operating Income (NOI) it generates, not speculation. Most people believe they are being prudent investing in the stock market and that investing in a stock fund is sufficient to diversify their portfolio. A real diversified portfolio should contain real estate that generates income. Adjusted for inflation, from 1/1/2000 through 12/31/2017, which includes the Great Recession of 2008, an Investor in the stock market earned 75 cents for every $1 invested. Most of that gain was in 2017 alone. However, their average return was only 4.74% and their Compounded Annual Growth Return (CAGR) was 3.15%. This is over 18 years. Will 4% annually achieve your investment goals or requirements.

#5 Inflation Protection

One of the best mechanisms to avoid the impacts of inflation is to own real assets. The value of these assets will increase with inflation, thus being protected by the impacts of inflation. Real cash, on the other hand, will decrease in value from inflation, as each dollar will be able to purchase less in the future than it can today. Additionally, periods of inflation also put upward pressure on wages, allowing for continued rent increases. At a time when the Fed is printing billions of dollars out of thin air, owning multifamily properties is a great inflation hedge.

#6 Tax Benefits

Apartment properties are able to take advantage of depreciation on the building and equipment to help offset income. This essentially offsets some or all your income taxes from the property cash flow. Depending on your personal tax situation, this benefit will further increase the yield on your investment.

#7 Professional Management and Metrics

Asset management and property management teams oversee the property for Private Equity Investors, using sales, cost and profit metrics, making Apartments a truly 'passive' income investment, with professionals handling operations. A vast majority of single-family investments require more involvement and focus from the Investor.

#8 Power of Leverage

Private Equity Investors provide capital for the down payment on the property (typically between 20% - 30% of the purchase price), while the acquisition/asset management company uses that deposit as leverage to get a loan to complete the purchase. These loans are also typically non-recourse, meaning that the person signing for the bank loan does not personally guarantee the loan. The risk is born by the property and its NOI. The Investor realizes all the advantages provided in this article using the power of leverage.

#9 Economies of Scale

Multi-Family complexes have huge economies of scale on their side.

Vacancies impact cash flow less due to large number of units

Marketing and logistics are more efficient

Repair and maintenance is more cost-effective, 200 units on 1 property is easier to manage than 200 different houses

Dedicated employees are easier to manage than contractors

Upgrades can be carried out with less impact on revenue

Maybe the best advantage of all is the peace of mind of knowing about your future. Knowing that your portfolio is less subject to wild swings in value and that your invested capital is actually linked to real, tangible brick and mortar assets that provide income. Investing in Apartments can provide you these benefits if you are willing.

Dennis Genaw can be reached by email at  info@PhilaApt.Network.

If you are an Accredited Investor, interested in passive Monthly Income, looking to Turbo-Charge your portfolio results and create Wealth, get our free eBook 'Create Higher Yields thru Apartments' at    https://goo.gl/soVnNc. This book is 50 pages jammed packed with the latest, up to date information about investing in Apartments. We are looking for the right people to partner with in building the income and lifestyle that Commercial Real Estate, and Apartments in particular, can provide. 'Create Higher Yields thru Apartments' goes into more detail about the mechanics and benefits of Passive Apartment investing.

Our Mission is to work with our Private Equity Partners to invest in Cash Flowing Multifamily properties (Apartments) in Emerging and Growth markets nationwide, to provide high returns to our Investors and a quality living experience for our Customer Tenants. We value performance, not promises. None of our partners are salaried. Our earnings are based on continuously finding, operating and successfully managing each asset investment. We put our Investors first. We offer cumulative preferred returns that are paid before we receive payment.

When The Clerk Came To Work - A Prison Ghost Story


By Ricky Taylor

"It really happened, Taylor," Kellogg said. He sat behind his desk in the Facility Three Yard program office of the Richard J. Donovan Correctional Facility. He wore the bravo class uniform of a correctional sergeant, khaki shirt with three stripes on each arm, depicting his rank, and a black uniform ballcap to cover his brown, thinning hair. I sat across from him, leaning back in a chair, one booted foot on the desk. "I don't expect you to believe me, but I was there. I saw him with my own eyes."

It was first watch, the graveyard shift. The inmates were locked up for the night, and the prison was staffed by a skeleton crew. What better time was there to tell ghost stories?

Prisons are replete with tales of supernatural apparitions, purported to be the spirits of murdered inmates, or officers who spend their lives after death eternally haunting the halls of their former places of employment. During my academy training as a correctional officer cadet, I worked a short time at Old Folsom, the second oldest prison in the state. The stories there revolved around the spirits of inmates hanged for murder. A warehouse stands now where the gallows used to be. Officers on first watch were required to conduct security checks of the facility. New officers often reported they heard men weeping and wailing in the old warehouse. Experienced officers either stopped reporting the sounds or stopped entering the warehouse altogether. Another tale at Old Folsom prison had to do with a certain housing unit. Officers routinely counted inmates and grew accustomed to the idea that, in that housing unit, they were never alone during count. They felt the presence of an unseen officer walking the tiers with them, and even heard the jingling of his keys.

"I don't know, Kellogg," I said. "I'm not calling you a liar, but this place can do funny things to a man's senses. And you did say you were sleeping."

"Yeah, I was sleeping, "Kellogg said, "but I was awake when I saw him. He was there, as real as you are, standing on the second tier, looking down at the dayroom floor."

"What did he look like?"

"He looked like an inmate. He was a white guy, covered in tattoos. Even on his face. He was wearing his blues. I thought he had gotten out of his cell somehow. I'm just glad I didn't think to notify central control. They would've thought I was crazy."

As the story went, it happened when Kellogg was still an officer, working overtime in the control booth of housing unit thirteen on Facility Four. The control booth was a large room in the second story of the housing unit, with thick, unbreakable windows. The control booth officer provided gun coverage for the yard from his back window, and coverage for the officers inside the housing unit through slots in his front windows. He also controlled the opening and closing of the housing unit and cell doors from a panel on his desk. During the day, it was a busy job, but at night, when the inmates were locked in their cells, it was one of the easiest jobs in the prison. And an officer, especially an officer on overtime, could find himself struggling to stay awake. Kellogg had succumbed to the struggle that night, and was fast asleep.

"Something woke me up," Kellogg said, "I felt like someone was up in the control booth with me. I didn't see anyone, but I felt it. I got up and looked around, but no one was there. I looked out at the dayroom, and there he was, clear as day, leaning against the second tier railing, just staring down at the dayroom floor. I shouted at him, but he ignored me. I called down to the officers, but they were sleeping in their office. They wouldn't wake up. The inmate started walking toward cell 216, and I started shouting at him again. He never even looked at me. He got to the cell door, but didn't stop walking. Taylor, man, I'm telling you, he walked right through the cell door like it wasn't even there. I don't know what to think of it, but I know it happened."

"And you don't think it was a dream?" I said.

"No dream," Kellogg said. "When my shift was over in the morning, I left the control booth and went to cell 216. There were two inmates locked up in there. I talked to them."

"What did they say?"

"That's the thing," Kellogg said. "At first they didn't want to talk to me. They thought I would think they were crazy. When they did talk, they told me they woke up and saw an inmate, the same inmate, standing in their cell, staring out their back window. And, just like that, he was gone. He was there one second, and gone the next."

I took Sergeant Kellogg's story with the proverbial grain of salt. I did not dismiss it outright. Who am I, after all, to judge another man's ghost story. But to say I believed it would not be entirely true. I had witnessed many unexplainable events in my life, and tried to keep my mind open to possibilities, but I also nurtured a healthy cynicism.

Another strange event happened in the prison infirmary. I wasn't a witness to it, but I talked to the doctor and nurses involved, who swore to me that it happened. Inmates with severe medical issues were kept in cells that were basically hospital rooms, equipped with medical beds and televisions. A man convicted of serial rape was dying. He was a belligerent old inmate, rude and caustic, especially to the female staff members. He was in the last few minutes of life, and was still conscious. He looked up at the television from where he was lying in bed, and cried out in fear. Scrolling on the bottom of the screen were the words, YOU ARE GOING TO HELL. The Doctor was in the room with two nurses. They changed the channel, but the words remained on the bottom of the screen. YOU ARE GOING TO HELL. The inmate took his final breath, staring up at the television screen. Perhaps the story was true. Perhaps not. I kept an open mind.

It wasn't until I had an experience of my own that I decided Sergeant Kellogg may have really seen a ghost. It happened to me. It happened when the clerk came to work.

There were many jobs in prison for inmates. Inmates were cooks, they worked in the laundry, as porters in the housing units and a variety of other positions. Being an inmate clerk required intelligence. To be the lieutenant's clerk required even greater intelligence. The lieutenant's clerk had to be knowledgeable of yard procedures, and had to be able to read and write well. When a yard discovered an inmate with these capabilities they held on to them. Most lieutenant's clerks had long sentences, and many held the same job for ten years or more. The Facility One lieutenant's clerk, Inmate Jensen, had been the clerk for at least fifteen years. He was an older man with gray hair, a pale complexion and bifocals. He was quiet and unobtrusive, never out of line with the officers, but was always professional and courteous. He became part of the furniture, so to speak, his presence so common in the program office that he often went unnoticed. He had been convicted at the age of thirty for murdering his wife's lover after catching them together in his bed. He was in his sixties, and had spent more time in prison than he had lived outside prison. His life inside the wall was routine. He got up every morning, put on a clean, pressed inmate uniform, waited for the control booth officer to open his cell, then headed to the program office. Five days a week, every week for more than fifteen years. He never talked about paroling. Like many lifers, I am sure he hoped to one day be free. But Inmate Jenkins would spend the rest of his life in prison.

The rest of his life. And one more day.

It was early on a Monday morning. I entered the Facility One Program office. I was scheduled to work as one of the yard officers, and grabbed my equipment, baton, pepper spray, radio, keys, from the equipment locker. I barely noticed when Inmate Jenkins entered. He looked around, and seemed a bit confused. I was too busy donning my equipment to pay much attention. He headed back to his work station, an alcove just down the hallway with an electric typewriter on a large wooden desk. I finished cinching up my duty belt and keying the microphone on my radio to make sure the battery was charged. Inmate Jenkins left his work area, the same look of vague confusion on his pale face. He walked to the front door of the program, which was propped open for the officers to come and go, and stepped out onto the yard. I checked the schedule of duties, which was posted to the wall, to see what extra duties I had to perform.

I heard shouting from one of the first watch officers at the back of the program.

"No freaking way!" he yelled.

I stepped out into the hallway to see what was going on. The officer, a middle-aged Hispanic man, was staring from where he stood at the end of the hallway, out through the open door. His eyes were wide with surprise, and not a little fear. I followed his gaze to the empty yard.

"What's happening?" I said.

"Jenkins, man. I just saw Jenkins!"

"Doing what?" I said. I looked out at the yard, but did not see inmate Jenkins.

"You don't get it! He's not supposed to be doing anything."

I scanned the yard again. No inmate Jenkins. Where could he have gone?

"I don't see him at all," I said.

"Taylor," the officer said, exasperated, "Jenkins is dead. He died at the infirmary last night!"

I looked at the officer, sure he was messing with me. I grinned.

"Okay," I said, "Jenkins is dead. Go on. I just saw him a minute ago."

The officer stepped out onto the yard, looking around. He shook his head.

"I don't get it, man," he said. "They told me he was dead."

"Well," I said, "they told you wrong. Maybe it was another Jenkins."

He thought about it, looking at the empty yard. He nodded to himself.

"Yeah. I guess so. That has to be it... "

"Here," I said, "come with me."

I entered the program office and he followed. Sitting down at the computer, I put in my password and logged onto SOMS, the information system for officers. I searched for Inmate Jenkins on Facility One. His information flashed on my screen, his housing unit and photo identification. I checked his status. It showed he had discharged from prison the day before. I looked up at the officer, who stared over my shoulder at the computer screen. His mouth was open. His eyes were wide. There, directly under Inmate Jenkin's photo were the following words: Status- Discharged. Cause- Death. Location- Office of the Coroner, San Diego County. Inmate Jenkins was not only dead, he was discharged to the San Diego County Coroner's Office.

His body was in the morgue.

Occasionally, I read articles in the newspaper or watch news stories about people convicted of heinous crimes. Some are sentenced to life, some to life plus fifty years. I worked with inmates who were sentenced to three consecutive life sentences. We all assumed they would leave the prison when their first life sentence was over. After all, a man has only one life to give. But now I wonder whether that is entirely true. How many inmates served their sentences of life, only to find they had a lot more time to do?

Compulsory Military Service


By Arvind Mohan

COMPULSORY MILITARY SERVICE FOR GOVERNMENT JOBS

This is one of the most atrocious and stupid proposals I have come across. This is based on the presumption that anyone and everyone is suitable to serve as a soldier. The first and foremost is the physical fitness and stamina. It is foolish to think that everyone can match up to the standards. In case those joining Government services are given relaxations in various standards while serving in military then the list of such relaxations is going to be very long and the main purpose of this whole exercise is defeated. For officers' cadre it is even tougher as in military there are leaders and not administrators, and these leaders lead by personal example. How many potential Government officers will fit the bill?

In case these persons are going to be there in military just to be eligible for Government job their priority will never be military and they won't contribute anything towards it. They will be simply a burden on defence forces and a big liability. In any case they can't be used in active operations or anything military. They will only spoil the military culture and bring down the standards as well as create confusion and chaos in rank and file.

However if the nation is serious about good governance and effective administration the politicians aspiring to become MPs, MLAs MLCs, Corporaters etc should be made to serve in military for at least 3 years. Naturally, as mentioned above, all of them will not be able to meet the standards and therefore can be screened out at this early stage itself. The country will be highly benefited by getting right kind of leaders to lead the nation and getting riddance of nincompoops.

The compulsory military service for aspiring politicians will not only be a crucible for finding out the potential leaders but will also provide an excellent training platform for imbibing personal and social values and unadulterated patriotism which will enable them to grow into right kind of nationalist leaders. These leaders will always have nation first and will most likely be incorruptible and honest. Through military training they may develop a good habit of remaining physically fit and mentally alert which will be a great asset for improved efficiency. It is high time that a serious thought is given to this proposal and implement it earliest even if amendment in constitution is needed.

Are Created Diamonds Going to Overtake the Real Deal?


By Vahan Avagyan

"Diamonds are forever," and "Diamonds are a girl's best friend," are old sayings that sprung from one of the world's most popular gemstones: the diamond.

Diamonds do not last forever. Diamonds degrade to graphite, because graphite is a lower-energy configuration under typical conditions. They are (the stuff in wedding rings) and graphite (the stuff in pencils) are both crystalline forms of pure carbon.

All of this would change in 1867 when massive deposits were discovered in South Africa. The world's diamond production increased more than tenfold in the following decade.

But since the 1970s, a new competitor is threatening the natural diamond's place on the gemstone pecking order: the grown ones.

To grow diamonds, manufacturers use one of two approaches: 1) they simulate the crush of the earth by applying high temperatures and pressure to carbon, creating a diamond seed. 2) They use a 3D printing-like approach, layering carbon inside a vacuum chamber.

Scientists have been growing diamonds in lab settings since the 1950s for industrial uses, but by the 70s and 80s, these man-made jewels have increased in quality so much so that even expert gemologists    cannot tell the difference between diamonds created by humans and those mined by humans.

Manufactured diamonds are usually 30% less expensive than naturally mined diamonds, and are more environmentally friendly than mined diamonds. Mined diamonds can create serious environmental damage, including leaching chemicals into water sources and destroying the habitats of threatened animal species. With laboratory-produced diamonds, however, there is no air or water pollution, nor are substantial hazardous chemicals used during the process.

Of course, mining companies claim that grown diamonds are inauthentic, and although grown diamonds are cheaper than their natural counterparts, there are drawbacks of purchasing a grown diamond as opposed to a natural diamond. For one, grown ones are still far more expensive than other proven created ones, like cubic zirconia. For another, buyers may not be able to resell manufactured, as there currently is no secondary market for them.

Just like no two couples are alike, no two diamonds are alike. This is true for both lab-grown diamonds and organic diamonds. When considering the differences and similarities between lab-created diamonds and "nature grown diamonds," you won't find many that are visible to the unaided eye, unless you're actually a gemologist.

Still, manufactured diamonds are nearly indistinguishable from, and cheaper than, naturally mined ones. And for some, that is good enough.

So can manufactured ones fulfill consumers' jewelry needs as well as mined? Ultimately, it's up to you to decide.

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Probiotics for Psoriasis: Does It Work? Bacteria Is Your Friend


By Jenny K Leslie

The semi-good news for all of us who suffer from psoriasis is that you are not alone, since it affects around 7.5 million of us here in the USA. The bad news is that even though psoriasis is commonly considered to be little more than an irritating skin affliction, research shows us that it can lead to psoriatic arthritis, heart disease, Crohn's disease, and cancer, so it is not something to be taken lightly.

Not to mention that it's deemed to be incurable. And don't even get us started on all the cures that are meant to get rid of psoriasis. It seems, after all, that many psoriasis treatments involve dubious ingredients of like steroids, petroleum jelly, or some sort of pharmaceutical nonsense which you don't know whether to blindly trust, or just take to the toxic waste dump and be rid of.

But you do need something to at least alleviate the symptoms of pesky psoriasis - and preferably something natural that won't go on to cause a list of other side effects.

Enter probiotics, which can not only help you clear up your condition, but also comes with a bevy of other health benefits - rather than unpleasant side effects. Better yet, these beneficial bacteria are natural, and are essential not only in reducing the inflammation which causes psoriasis, but for digestion, healthy hormone balance, and overall bodily health.

How Probiotics Help Psoriasis

As many of us already know, probiotics are the beneficial bacteria which live in us, on us, and around us, and without them, we couldn't so much as digest our food, or have a healthy immune system.

However, our modern lifestyle has us deficient in these crucial microorganisms. This is due to most of us not living in environments such as farms or ranches where contact with friendly microbes is more common than in urban areas, and there is also our overuse of sanitizers, disinfectants, and antibiotics.

One of the many problems with this deficiency is, since probiotics help control inflammation-causing bacteria by stimulating our immune-regulating T-cells, chronic inflammation can be the result. Since psoriasis is caused by inflammation, low levels of gut bacteria can leave us vulnerable to it.

Plus, probiotics play a role in other aspects of skin health, such as warding off acne, healing wounds, skin rejuvenation and strengthening the skin's (and body's) overall immune health. This is due not only to probiotic's abilities to help reduce inflammation, but in controlling other, less desirable bacteria which can take over in the absence of probiotics.

But Which Probiotic Strain Should I use for Psoriasis?

There are trillions of strains of bacteria forming ecosystems inside of us, and each of us has our own body chemistry which may support different varieties of microorganisms. In fact, it has been noted that the types of bacteria in us may be likened to a fingerprint, in that no two are identical.

However, different bacteria also affect different conditions, such as studies showing that Lactobacillus, B. bifudum, and L. Acidophilus are effective in treating acne.

And, while using just any probiotic to improve your gut flora may be better than nothing, some strains do better with skin conditions like psoriasis than others, including:

Bifidobacterium bifidum. Perhaps the most commonly known probiotic strain, B. bifidum is essential for skin health, since it plays a key role in maintaining a strong immune system. B. bifidum works to control unwelcome bacteria varieties in the gut, which not only helps digestion, but boosts the body's immune response against inflammation and allergies.

Lactobacillus plantarum. L. plantarum helps the body produce L. lysine, which is an amino acid which supports calcium absorption and hormone production, and is also key in supporting a positive immune response to guard against inflammation. This not only protects us against psoriasis, but has anti-aging, digestive, and immune health benefits as well.

Lactobacillus acidophilus. Also one of the more well-known probiotics due to its long association with digestive health-particularly for those who have trouble digesting dairy products. L. acidophilus is also an immune booster, which helps produce a healthy response to inflammation and associated skin conditions.

Lactobacillus rhamnosus. L. rhamnosus gets antibodies to ward off infection and inflammation. This helps it boost the immune system, as well as guard against inflammation.

How to Take Probiotics for Psoriasis?

To start taking probiotics for psoriasis, you don't necessarily need to add another supplement to your stash.

Instead, you could go the more pleasurable route of adding another dish to the table. Cultured foods can be a simple - and tasty - way to add bacteria to your diet. Try some yogurt, raw sauerkraut, kefir or kimchi, although be sure to buy non-pasteurized, cold-processed products, since heat kills bacteria.

Some manufacturers, i.e. yogurt, also list strains of bacteria on their packaging, which helps in assuring you that the product does contain live bacteria. However, even if it doesn't, you should be able to identify a sour smell and taste in most cultured products, which also indicates that the bacteria are alive.

You can also go out and play in the dirt for your probiotics, which may not be too practical for most of us city-dwellers. However, if you have a garden, you are in luck, since soil can also be a rich source of probiotics, and there are few more satisfying ways to get them. Lower your grocery bill, beat psoriasis, AND fresh veggies to enjoy? Done!

Finally, taking a daily probiotic capsule is the easiest - and most consistent - way for us to get our microbes. When looking for a good probiotic, remember to look for a variety of strains, including some bifida and some lactobacillus.

You may need to try a few different companies and products before finding which one works best for you overall, but look for a product with at least 6-billion count. You should also only buy a product which is perishable. Look for a time stamp or use-by date, which helps to ensure the product is fully potent and live. Finally, look for a dark glass container, since light can also kill bacteria.

Last Notes on Probiotics for Psoriasis

Lay off the cleaning supplies, they're making you unhealthy! Seriously, most of us do a little more sanitizing than we really need to, which is only understandable, since we want to keep ourselves and our families healthy and safe.

However, by over-using hand sanitizers, counter disinfectants, and other anti-bacterial products, we aren't just killing off the bad guys, but the good guys as well. Plus, many sanitizers are endocrine disruptors that can cause such conditions as rashes and eczema - hmmm, could this have anything to do with your psoriasis?

But, even if sanitizing agents aren't what are causing your psoriasis, they are likely getting in the way of healthy probiotic populations, so stick with soap and water - it really is the best way to clean. Better yet, stick to a natural soap that's good for psoriasis.

So rather than trying a "cure" for your psoriasis which may only lead to further health problems, why not give probiotics a try? After all, you may find that they are not only good for alleviating your psoriasis, but can improve your digestion, immune health, and mental wellbeing too.

  https://solongpsoriasis.com/

Enviromental Problems in Nigeria: A Discource


By Newman Chintuwa Enyioko

Introduction

Nigeria has a total land area of 983,213 square Kilometers of which 773,783sq kilometers are in the savanna zones 75,707sq kilometers are in the derived savanna zones and 133,717 square kilometers are in the forest zone. Nigerian population is more than 150 million yielding an average density of more than 150 persons per square kilometer. Although this density may vary from one region to another, it is obvious that Nigeria is already experiencing high population density. The manifestation of these impacts includes; urbanization, deforestation, desertification, overpopulation and all kinds of pollution. These impacts have both negative and positive effects on the natural environment. It is the negative impacts of man's interaction with the environment that is emphasized in this study.

The unwise use of the natural environment due to ignorance, poverty, overpopulation and greed amongst others has led to the degradation of the environment. The charges (degradation) occur as Nigerians attempt to adjust their seemingly endless wants and desires for food, shelter, recreation, infrastructural facilities, and so on to the land and other resources available to them. This study examines the nature of environmental problems in Nigeria.

Conceptual Framework

The concept of environment has been viewed from diverse perspectives and defined in various ways. The variety of definitions and conceptions of environment is closely linked to the fact that the study of environment is mufti-disciplinary, and thus each discipline tended to develop and adopt definition(s) in line with its interest. This multiplicity of definitions, concepts and usage of the term in various disciplines.The multiplicity of the usage and concept of the term environment have resulted in a variety of adjectival forms which include; social environment, molar environment, physical environment, home environment, psychological environment, behavioral environment geographical environment.

The word environment is such an ambiguous term which is difficult both to identify and to restrict its scope, because it could be used to encompass anything from the whole biosphere to the habitat of the smallest creature or organism. In the broad sense, dictionary definitions of the term 'environment' range from - the totality of physical, economic, cultural, aesthetic, and social circumstances and factors which surround and affect the desirability and value of property or which also affects the quality of people's lives, to the conditions under which any person or thing lives or is developed; the subtotal of influences which modify and determine the development of life or character. This is the broad meaning by which the concept 'environment embraces everything within and around man that may have effect on or be affected by man; in other words, human environment as contrasted with physical environment. The broad meaning will subsume historical, cultural, technological, natural, economic, political factors, influences and milieus within the concept of environment.

Similarly, the Environmental Impact Assessment Decree of Nigeria defines the term 'environment' as including:- a) land, water and air, including all layers of the atmosphere; b) all organic and inorganic matter and living organisms and, c) the interacting natural systems that include components referred to in paragraphs (a) and (b)

Environmental Law

Environmental Law in Nigeria is a body of rules and regulations which have as their object or effect the protection of the environment from pollution and the wasteful depletion of natural resources and ensure sustainable development. Further, the structure of the Judicial system (with its emphasis on adversarial and backward-looking two-party litigation and with its procedural rules which are not user-friendly to those wishing to bring environmental cases and which fail to give the public interest a separate voice) is not particularly well-suited to consideration of environmental disputes, because typically they have multiple causes; give rise to complex scientific arguments; involve a complex interplay between public, private and criminal law; and require the balancing of difficult political or policy questions. One of the Characteristics of the law and policy of environmental protection is that it evolves, constantly reflecting the various values and priorities which we place upon different aspects of environmental issues. This means that in recent years as environmental issues have gained in importance, we have seen a period of unprecedented rapid change. In a subject area such as this where activities have to be planned reasonably far in advance, it is always helpful to know what is likely to happen in the future as well as what is the law at the time. In this sense environmental law is forward-looking law.

Environmental Problems are harmful aspects of human activity on the biophysical environment. Environmentalism, a social and environmental movement that started in the 1960s, addresses environmental issues through advocacy, education and activism, current problems faced by the environment.

Environmental Policy

An environmental policy can be an instrument of power to solve some perceived problems in the environment. The formulation of this policy attracts many actors from different levels of government- international, national and local. To understand the concept of environmental policy, the knowledge of framing, implementation and actors involved must be a prerequisite. Environmental Policy is further defined as planned actions to be followed by institutions with the objective of achieving a target. Based on this definition, environmental policy is action to foster and improve the quality of the environment, with the thrust of balancing economic and social issues. In achieving the thrust of economic and social balance, many actors' interests will be represented. This actors could be internal or external- each pushing for its own interest without minding the consequences to the other. Policy is located in political and bureaucratic settings, and should involve political processes Major Environmental Problems in Nigeria

i. Urbanization

Urbanization is caused by high population growth rate and rural- urban migration. Urbanization in Nigeria is characterized by city slums with serious environmental consequences. The problem has been described as acute and exemplifies the inability of development measures to keep pace with the rate of population growth. The problem of the disposal of savage and refuse is quite serious because of the rapid rate of generation of non-biodegradable materials such as plastics.

ii. Overpopulation

Population is a major factor in all environmental- related problems. Overpopulation causes stress on the environment. Environmental problems such as overpopulation, degradation, erosion, desertification, etc. are caused by man's misuse of environmental resources. Until very recently, Nigerians regard their large population size as a symbol of greatness, power and prestige and tend to resist attempts to reduce it drastically.

iii. Deforestation

Forest are large area of land with trees and are noticeable in area with sub equatorial and monsoon types of climates. They act as sanctuary for rare and/or endangered animals. Forests act as storm breaks, thereby protecting the towns and villages from destruction. They provide useful products such as wood and char-coal for fuel, fibre for study and textiles, medicine from the back and leaves of some plant, breeding ground for animals, check erosion, and supply of food and materials for building houses.

iv. Desertification

Desserts are barren lands, waterless and treeless and often sand covered such as Sahara desert which spread across Africa continent. Desertification is therefore the encroachment of the desert on land that was once fertile. Desertification can be induce either by natural process or by the action of man. Natural hazards such as drought and sand deposit by winds are prime factors in the desertification process. Desertification is more pronounced in the northern part of the country where the Saharah desert has eaten deep into the once fertile land.

v. Pollution

Environmental pollution can be categorized into three groups. These are air or atmospheric pollution, aquatic or water pollution and land or surface area pollution. The World Health Organization (WHO) defines air pollution as limited to situation in which the outer ambient atmosphere contains materials in concentrations which are harmful to man and his environment. Man's activities on the earth surface have largely degraded the quality of the lower atmosphere. The growth and development of industries and Urbanization has contributed greatly to the excess carbon monoxide produced by combustion and other human activities.

vi. Flooding and Erosion

Most of Nigeria's 853km coastline is prone to coastal erosion. This is of grave ecological concern because a large part of Nigeria's population and economic activities are located within the coastal zone. Nigeria has an estimated population of over 25 million located in its coastal areas with economic activities which include oil and gas exploitation, agriculture, fishing, aquaculture, shipping, industries, and tourism. Over fifty highly vulnerable sites have been identified along the Nigerian coastline and all the eight coastal states are affected by erosion problems.

vii. Sanitation

Sanitary facilities like sewers, sewage treatment facilities, septic tanks and toilets for home are known to be grossly inadequate in Nigeria and have worsened over the years due to rapid rate of urbanization in the country. Indeed, disposal of waste is perhaps the most serious environmental problem in Nigerian cities. The increasing accumulation of refuse in cities forms breeding grounds for various diseases.

Sources and Effects of Environmental Problems in Nigeria

The prevalent environmental problems identified in this study to be associated with human activities which constitute serious threat to sustainable development in Nigeria are as indicated below:

Slums and Squatter Developments: Rapid urbanization due to rural-urban migration and natural population increase; inadequate housing and infrastructure; legal dualism in land administration and control. Lack of proper monitoring of physical development activities in urban areas Enhances rapid deterioration of physical environment and provide breeding ground for prostitutes, criminals and social miscreants. They constitute affront for human dignity with associated adverse health implications on residents, and thus negate the goal of environmental sustainability.

Urban Sprawl: Absence of updated master plans; uncoordinated spatial urban growth; decay of inner cities; land speculation and rapidly growing urban population Depletion of green areas and open spaces resulting in the loss of biodiversity, air pollution and traffic congestion due to increasing use of private automobiles. There is also the issue of incompatible land use due to lack of planning and haphazard developments. Pollution (land, air water): Inefficient waste management systems, emissions from automobiles, industrial plant and power generating sets; gas flaring Pollution general poses health risks to humans, terrestrial and aquatic lives. Land pollution through indiscriminate disposal of solid wastes provides breeding grounds; bush and refuse burning; solid and liquid minerals extraction activities and agrochemicals.

Weak institutional and regulatory framework for enforcing appropriate legislation for infectious disease vectors, while air pollution results in acid rains which destroy buildings and infrastructure. Oil spillage is a threat to the livelihood of oil producing communities. While air pollution contributes to global warming by depleting the ozone layer Urban Flooding: Absence of efficient storm water discharge system; ocean surge due to rise in sea level, extensive use of hard landscape elements; reclamation of swamps and natural storm water swales for building construction. Physical development on natural flood plains and non adherence to physical development regulations result to flooding in low lying cities like Lagos and Port Harcourt Destruction of human lives, properties and means of livelihood as well as public infrastructure, leading economic losses. Destroys plants and animal lives, and thus leading to destabilization of the ecosystem which comes with adverse consequences. Erosion Indiscriminate destruction of vegetation for fuel and construction materials. Construction, installation of infrastructure, agriculture and mining activities Threat to human lives, means of livelihoods and infrastructure as well as loss of land areas and reduction in biodiversity.

Role of Environmental Law in Regulating Land Use and Protection of the Environment in Nigeria

In order to examine the role of environmental law in regulating land use and environmental protection in Nigeria, this part of the paper seeks to:

(1) identify land use problems in Nigeria that lead to land degradation; and

(2) examine key environmental legislation that aim at regulating land use in order to protect the environment from gross abuse. Key environmental legislation on land use regulation and environmental protection

The freedom to use and enjoy land in particular, and private property in general is guaranteed by our laws in Nigeria, but it is trite that the rights cannot be absolute. They have to be regulated in the interest of the generality of the populace and in the protection of the rights of others in society. To minimize and control the above mentioned problems of land use and their negative impact on land resources, Nigerian government has put in place a number of legislative measures locally. One of the most important is the land Use Act, the objectives of which, among others, is to ensure that there is a sound land and environmental development and that the ecological and aesthetic values of the nation are preserved and enhanced.

Since the Land Use Act deals primarily with the acquisition, use and enjoyment of land, in accomplishing these objectives, the activities of an individual, government or organisation either private or public, is likely to create environmental problems. For example, where permission was given for land to be used for mining purpose or for industrial purpose or for a town and country planning purpose or for any other commercial or public work or convenience, environmental problems are surely going to crop up in the land use enjoyment of any of these services or purposes.

Essentially, the Land Use Act is not strictly an Act for environmental protection. However, environmental protection is one of those considerations which a holder of certificate of occupancy has to observe, though it is not explicitly provided for in any of the provisions of the Act. If the Act is read without such importation, the result is bound to be absurd and environmentally unsound. Policy Measures to Environmental Problems in Nigeria

Due to the environmental problems existing in Nigeria, laws and acts relating to environmental protection were made. These laws/acts were promulgated to address specific and identified problems. They were narrow in scope and spatially restricted. But Decree No 58 of 1988 as amended by Decree 59 of 1992, gave birth to the Federal Environmental Protection Agency FEPA (Now Ministry of Environment) it empowers the ministry to have control over all problems relating to Nigerian environment, resources, exploitation and management. But the success recorded by the Ministry is nothing to write home about. Problems of urbanization, desertification, pollution and deforestation continued due to the Government's Top-down approach, inconsistencies of government policies, neglect of indigenous knowledge, and use of inappropriate technology, sectoral approach, inadequate funding, and inadequate awareness.

Conclusions

Nigeria has a total land area of 983, 213 km2 occupied by more than 167 million people. The interaction of these millions of people with their environment has left indelible mark on the landscape. Attempts by these Nigerians to adjust their seemingly endless wants and desire for food, shelter, recreation and infrastructure facilities to mention but a few have resulted in deforestation, desertification, urbanization, over population and all kinds of pollution. Although, these land-use activities contribute to over all development of the country, they equally produce negative impacts in the environment.

Recommendations

This study has been able to explore the nature of environmental problems in Nigeria. It also explores some relevant laws / legislations on the environment. Therefore, for the purpose of overcoming the hurdles reminiscent in environmental problems and ensuring effective implementation of environmental laws, the following recommendations have been made:

1. The current environmental problems should be visited and reviewed as they are too old. During the reviewing processes, the public participation and consultation should be embraced, and all the necessary actors should be allowed to involve. Based on this full participatory process all interests will be included and an enforceable policy tool will be designed.

2. The government should increase the budgetary allocation for environmental institutions and their programme. Adequate funding will encourage capacity building of the human resources in the environmental institutions through trainings both at the local level and international level; this will exposed the agents of the institutions into the latest knowledge on environmental governance and diplomacy.

3. The Nigerian government should explicitly share the responsibilities on environmental matters to the different institutions involved. So every institution will know its own jurisdiction and responsibility and where it should not venture to. This will help solve the problem of overlapping responsibility and power tussling among the institutions.

4. The government should encourage and enforce regular reporting and audit on the state of the Nigerian environment and such reports and audits should be made available to the public via internet and books in the public library.

Newman Chintuwa Enyioko (MNIM, MBA. M.Sc. B.Sc, PhD Research Scholar.)

Email:  newmanenyioko@yhoo.com.

Affiliation: Medonice Management Consulting and Research Institute, Port

Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria.

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